Manufacture of shoes



Oct. 31, 1933. e. GODDU 1,932,544

MANUFACTURE OF SHOE S Filed July 13, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l Oct. 31, 1933. G. GODDU MANUFACTURE OF SHOES Filed July 13, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I or Patented Oct. 31, 1933 PATENT OFFICE MANUFACTURE OF sHoEs George Goddu, Winchester, Mass., assignor, by" mesne assignments, to The Littleway Process Company, Boston, Mass a corporation of Massachusetts Application July 13, 1929. Serial No. 378,155

with reference to the manufacture of cementlasted shoes.

It is an object ofthe present invention to provideani'mproved method of lasting shoes, of such a character thatthe foreparts of the shoes will be entirely free from metallic fastenings. It is a further object of ,the invention to perform the lasting in such a manner that the inner or footengaging surface of the insole will be smooth and that the shank and ball portions ofthe insole will be free from disfiguring marks such as tack holes.

With these objects in view the shoe upper, as illustrated'herein, is secured in lasted relation to the insole from substantially the forward end of the shank portion to the toe by cement. The upper is held in lasted relation to the insole until the cement sets by fastenings, illustrated as staples, driven through the marginal portion of the upper into the insole from substantially the heel breast'line to the tip line in such a manner that the legs of the staples do not pass completely through the insole. After the cement has set sufficiently to hold the upper in lasted position, the staples are removed from the shoe between '3 the forward end of the shank portion and the tip line, or,'if desired, all the staples may be removed. To facilitate their removal, such of the staples as are to be removed are, as illustrated herein, driven only part way in, being left with their bars projecting from the shoe upper so that they can be readily withdrawn. The toe end of the shoe is preferably cement-lasted with the aid of a temporary retaining member or toe binder of the character disclosed in Letters Patent of the United States No, 1,894,678, granted January 1'7, 1933, on an application filed in the name of Joseph Fausse. The heel end of the shoe may be lasted in any usual or preferred manner.

Preferably, and as illustrated herein, water dispersed rubber cement (commonly spoken of as rubber latex or more briefly as latex) is employed in the side lasting operation. I have discovered that if cement of this character is applied to the marginal portion of the insole and to the various layers of the shoe upper, that ,is to the lining, the

41 Claims. (C1. 12-142) character that it must stand for some time before the cemented layers are brought together.

A shoe side lasted with water dispersed rubber cement in this manner is, moreover, more flexible than a shoe otherwise identical but lasted with pyroxylin cement. Furthermore, since the layers of the upper material remain relatively limp when coated with rubber cement there is no tendency to form stiff bunches which are practically unavoidable when pyroxylin cement is used. If desired, the over-lasted portion of the upper may be rubbed or pounded gently before the latex has set. This serves to insure that the over-lasted portion will be flat and free from wrinkles, though even without such treatment the over-lasted portion of the upper will be found to be in much better condition than is the case when pyroxylin cement is used for side lasting.

If, as is frequently done,-the side lasting is performed with pyroxylin cement while the cement is green, it is necessary to apply the cement to the layers at one side of the shoe and to last that side of the shoe before the cement is applied to the layers at the other side of the shoe. If the cement is placed on the layers at both sides of the shoe in one operation, the cement on the second side to be lasted is too dry to stick by the time the lasting on that side is performed. When water dispersed rubber cement is used, it may be applied to the layers at both sides of the shoe in one operation and the side lasting performed thereafter, first one one side of the shoe and then on the other. Under these conditions both sides will stick effectively. Moreover, when shoes are side lasted with pyroxylin cement, the lasting being performed while the cementis green, the

adhesion secured isvery feeble. The layers of the upper materials can be separated easily from each other and, in shoes the outsoles of which are attached by cement, there is always danger of the insole becoming separated from the upper in the completed shoe. When water dispersed rubber cement is used, however, the layers are secured firmly together, eventhough the lasting is performed while the cement is green, and the insoles are in no danger of separating from-the upper materials either during the manufacture of the shoes or when the shoes are worn. There are-a number of other reasons why water dispersed rubber cement is preferable to pyroxylin cement for the side lasting operation.

Thus the water dispersed rubber cement is noninflammable while the various pyroxylin cements, containing as they do highly volatile and readily combustible if not explosive solvents, present a within wide limits.

sults are obtained with a water dispersed rubber substantial fire risk. Moreover, the fumes arising from these solvents are unpleasant and unless the ventilation is of the best may be dangerous to the health of the operators. If water dispersed rubber cement is spilled or smeared upon the upper leather it can be wiped off without damage to the leather, whereas pyroxylin cement cannot be removed without danger of marking or staining the upper leather by the solvent which must be used to remove it.

The grade of water dispersed rubber cement used for the side lasting operation may be varied Thoroughly satisfactory recement containing as little as forty per cent. of rubber or somewhat less. Having in mind the lower price of such a cement as compared with cement having a higher rubber content, or as compared with pyroxylin cement, as well as the quality of the work, I believe that this is the most satisfactory grade of cement for the purpose.

In another aspect the invention comprises an improved and novel shoe the forepart of which is lasted with water dispersed rubber cement. Preferably the shank portion of the shoe upper is secured in lasted relation to the insole by staples which do not pass through the inner surface of the insole. As illustrated, the outsole of the shoe is secured in contact with the overlasted portion of the shoe upper by pyroxylin cement.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the manufacture of a cement-lasted shoe, and pointed out in theclaims.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a bottom view of an insole and a shoe upper assembled on a last in a well-known manner;

Figs. 2 and 3 are transverse sections illustrating the side lasting of a shoe in accordance with the present invention, Fig. 3 illustrating the manner in which curved staples inserted between the forward end of the shank portion and the tip line of the shoe are left with their bars projecting from the shoe upper so that they can readily be withdrawn;

Fig. ii is a perspective view showing the shoe after the completion of the lasting operation, a toe binder being used to hold the shoe upper in lasted relation to the insole and last until cement used in the toe lasting operation has set;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view on the line V--V of Fig. 6 is a sectional view on the line VIVI of Fig. 4 illustrating also the removal of one of the staples from the forepart of the shoe;

Fig. 7 is a view of the shoe after the staples have been removed from the forepart of the shoe and after the toe binder has also been removed; and

Fig. 8 is a somewhat diagrammatic sectional view of the forepart of the shoe after its outsole has been attached.

The shoe upper, as illustrated herein, is made up of the usual upper leather 12, doubler 14, lining 16, box toe l8, and counter 20. As illustrated in Fig. l, the shoe upper and a leather insole 22, the heel-seat and shank portions of which are reinforced with a piece of fibre-board 24, have bled on a last 26 and the upper pulled over in the usual manner. Thus the insole 22 is see to the last 26 by tacks 28, while the heel portion of the upper is held by tacks so inserted by the assembling machine and the toe portion of the upper is held by tacks 32 inserted by the'pulling-over machine.

The next operation to be performed is the side lasting. This may advantageously be done with the aid of a side lasting machine of the character disclosed in Letters Patent of the United States, No. 1,815,295. granted July 21, 1931, on my application. Such a machine is provided with a gage member 34 (Figs. 2 and 3) against which the upper of the shoe is rested adjacent to the edge of the insole, with a work rest 36 against which the insole is held, and with a pair of grip- P jaws 38 operated to close upon the edge of the shoe upper and to work it into lasted relation to the insole and last. While the upper is held in lasted position, a staple 40 is driven by a driver 42 through the upper and into the insole of the shoe, a deflector 44 causing the legs of the staple to curve as they enter the stock so that they are anchored in the substance of the insole without passing through the insole, as shown in Fig. 3.

In performing the side lasting operation in accordance with the present invention, suitable cement is disposed between the marginal portions of the shoe upper and the insole. Thus. as herein illustrated, the marginal portion of the exposedsurface of the insole. from a point substantially at or somewhat to the rear of the for ward end of the shank to substantially the tip line, is coated with water dispersed rubber cement, commonly spoken of as rubber latex or more briefly as latex, and the various layers of the shoe upper (the lining. doubler and the inner surface of the upper leather) are coated with the same kind of cement. Then the shoe is presented to the staple side lasting machine. which is operated progressively from substantially the heel breast line to the tip line of the shoe. first along one side of the shoe and then along the other, to work the upper into lasted relation and to drive the staples through the upper into the insole. Such of these staples as are inserted between the forward end of the shank portion of the-shoe and the tip line are to be pulled out later on in the manufacture of the shoe. To facilitate this the staples driven in that portion of the shoe are left with their bars projecting somewhat from the shoe upper as indicated at 50 in Fig. 4. Immediately after the performance of the side lasting, the portions of the shoe upper adjacent to the edge of the insole, and particularly the over-lasted portion of the upper, may be rubbed or pounded gently to eliminate any wrinkles or lumps that may be present and to flatten the over-lasted portion of the upper.

While the grade of water dispersed rubber cement used for the side lasting operation may be varied within wide limits, I found that it is most advantageous to use a water dispersed rubber cement containing about 40 per cent of rubber or somewhat less. Such a cement is cheaper than the heavier cements having higher rubber contents and is equally effective. If this cement is applied as described above and the side lasting performed while the cement is green (that is.

whilethe cement is still wet). it will set in twenty to thirty minutes, at the end of which time the staples can be removed. On the other hand. if there should be an interruption and a shoe to which the water dispersed rubber cement has been applied should not be lasted for a considerable time, no harm is done since the cement coated surfaces will adhere when pressed together during the side lasting operation and when the staples are removed the cement will retain the upper in lasted position.

After the side lasting operation, the ends of the shoe are lasted. This may be 'done with the aid of a bed lasting machine of the usual type. As illustrated in Fig. 4, the heel-seat is lasted in the usual fashion, the upper being retained in lasted relation to the insole by tacks 54 clenched against the usual metal heel plate of the last. The lasting of the toe end of the shoe may be advantageously performed in the manner disclosed in the above-mentioned Fausse Patent No. 1,894,678. In performing this operation the surplus material is trimmed from the doubler, box toe and lining forward of the tip line so that those parts will, when the toe lasting is completed, overlie the insole about one quarter of an inch, as illustrated in Fig. 5. Pyroxylin cement is then disposed between'the marginal portion of the insole, the surfaces of the doubler, box toe and lining, and the inner surface of the upper leather. The shoe at this time is in the bed lasting machine and the upper is wiped into lasted relation to the insole and lasted, a retaining member or toe binder 60 being applied as disclosed in said Fausse patent and being secured in position by tacks 62 driven through holes 64 in the retaining member 60, through the upper leather andinsole and into the last, the tacks being received in corrugation 66 with which the retaining member 60 is provided and the heads of thetacks engaging the upper edge of the upstanding flange 68 of the retaining member 60. When a sufficient timehas pased for the pyroxylin cement used for the toe lasting to set, the tacks 62 are pulled out and the retaining member 60 removed. Then the staples 50, be-

tween the forward end of the shank and the tip line of the shoe, are also're'moved. This may conveniently be done with the aid of a hook-like member '70 (Fig. 6), or by any other suitable staple removing tool, either manually or power operated. Then the surplus material is trimmed from the edge of the shoeupper at the shank and forepart of the shoe leaving the shoe in the condition shown in Fig. '1. A shank stiffener 76 can be applied in the usual manner.

The shoe is now in condition for the attachment of its outsole. If it is to be a compo shoe, and is therefore to have its outsole attached by cement, the over-lasted portion of the shoe upper, indicated at '72 in Fig. '7, is roughened or scoured from the heel breast line to the toe end of the shoe, pyroxylin cement is applied thereto, and the outsole 74, the marginal portion of the attaching surface of which has also. been coated with pyroxylin cement, is applied to the shoe in a well-known manner. If desired apiece of sheet flller 78 may be inserted between the insole and the outsole at the forepart of the shoe. In accordance with the usual practice the pyroxylin cement which has been applied. to the overlasted portion of the shoe upper and to the marginal portion of the outsole is allowed to dry and is cut with a suitable solvent immediately before the sole is applied to the shoe.

While I preferto leave the staples inthe shank portion of the shoe, as shown in Fig. 7. thereby reinforcing that portion of the shoe, if it is desired to produce a shoe the shank as well as the forepart of which shall be free from metallic fastenings the staples driven into the shank portion of the shoe during the side lasting operation may be pulled out. If this isto be done, it is preferable to drive them only part way home so that their bars project, as illustrated at 50 in Fig. 4 in connection with the staples inserted in the' forepart of the shoe. Under these circumstances, of course, the water dispersed rubber cement will be applied from substantially the heel breast line to the tip line of the insole and shoe upper.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is: v

1. That improvement in methods of making shoes in which cement is'employed to secure shoe uppers in lasted relation to soles which comprises assembling a sole and an upper upon a last, applying water dispersed rubber cement to the marginal portion of the upper materials, working the upper into lasted relation to the sole and last and thereby bringing said cemented portion of the upper into contact with the sole while the cement is green, fastening the upper to the sole by fastenings which. do not extend entirely through-the sole, thereby insuring that the upper will be held in lasted position while the cement is setting and removing the fastenings after the cement has set.-

2. That improvement in methods of making 1 shoes in which cement is employed to secure uppers in lasted relation to insoles.which consists in assembling an insole and an upper on a last, applying water dispersed rubber cement to the marginal portion of the upper materials and of the insole, working the upper over the insole into lasted position and thereby bringing the cemented surfaces of the upper and the insole into contact with each other while the cement is green,

the upper will be held in lasted position while the cement is setting by insertingfastenings in such a .marmer that they do not extend entirely through the insole. removing the fastenings after the cement has set. and permanently securing an outsole to the upper by cement only, at least throughout the forepart and shank of the shoe.

3. That improvement in methods of making compo shoes which comprises assembling an insole and an upper on a last, applying water dispersed rubber cement to the marginal portion of the upper material and to the marginal portion of the insole, working the upper over the insole into lasted relation thereto and thereby bringing the cemented surfaces into contact with each other while the cement is green, securing the upper in lasted relation to the insole by insertfastening the upper to the insole to insure that ing fastenings-in such a manner that they do not extend entirely through the insole, allowing the fastenings to remain as driven. while the cement is setting and then removing the fastenings at least at the i'orepart of the shoe, and permanently securing an outsole in contact with the overlasted portion of the shoe upper by pyroxylin cement.

4. That improvement in 'niethods of making compo shoes which comprises assembling aninsole and an upper on a last. applying water dispersed rubber cement to the marginal portion of the upper material, working the upper over the insole into lasted relation thereto and thereby bringing the cemented surface of the upper into contact with the insole while the cement is green, securing the upper in lasted relation to the insole by inserting fastenings in such a manner that they do not extend entirelythrough the insole, allowing the fastenings to remain as driven while the cement is setting and then removing the fastenings at least at the forepart of the shoe, and permanently securing an outsole in contact with the overlasted portion of the shoe upper by pyroxylin cement.

5. That improvement in methods of making compo shoes which comprises assembling an insole and an upper on a last, applying water dispersed rubber cement to the marginal portion of the insole. working the upper over the insole into lasted relation thereto and thereby bringing the upper into contact with the cemented portion of the insole while the cement is green, securing the upper in lasted relation to the insole by inserting fastenings in such a manner that they do not extend entirely through the insole. allowing the fastenings to remain as driven while the cement is setting and then removing the fast-enings at least at the Iorepart of the shoe, and permanently securing an outsole in contact with the overlasted portion of the shoe upper by pyroxylin cement.

6. That improvement in methods of making shoes in which cement is employed between the marginal portions of shoe uppers and the marginal portions of the insoles to secure the uppers in lasted relation to the insoles which comprises assembling an insole andan upper on a last. applying water dispersed rubber cement to one or both of said marginal portions. working the upper into lasted relation to the insole and securing the upper to the insole by fastenings in such a manner that the fastenings do not pass through the inner surface of the insole. allowing the fastenings to remain as driven while the cement is setting. and then withdrawing the fastenings.

7. That improvement in methods of making shoes in which cement is employed to secure shoe uppers in lasted relation to insoles which comprises working a shoe upper into lasted relation to an insole and a last on which the insole is mounted. pressing the marginal portion of the upper against the marginal portion of the insole inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper materials into the insole. allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set sufiiciently to hold the upper in lasted position. and then removing the staples from the shoe.

8. That improvement in methods of making shoes in which cement is employed to secure shoe uppers in lasted relation to insoles whichcomprises working a shoe upper into lasted relation to an insole and a last on which the insole is mounted. pressing themarginal portion of the upper against the marginal portion of the insole.

inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper into the insole. allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set suiticiently to hold the upper in lasted position and then removing the staples at least from the forepart. of the shoe. and permanently securing an outsole to the overlasted marginal portion of the shoe upper with pyroxylin cement.

9. That improvement in methods of manufacturing shoes which comprises providing cement between the marginal portion of the upper and the marginal portion of the insole of a shoe, working the upper into lasted relation to the insole and a last upon which the insole is mounted, in-

set sufiiciently to hold the upper in lasted posi tion. and then withdrawing staples from the forepart of the shoe but leaving the staples in the shank portion of the shoe.

10. That improvement in methods of making shoes in which cement is employed to secure shoe uppers in lasted relation to insoles which comprises working a shoe upper into lasted relation to an insole and a last upon which the insole is mounted, inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper materials into the insole in such a manner that the legs of the staples do not pass through the inner surface of the in sole, allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set sufliciently to hold the upper in lasted position and then removing the staples from the shoe.'

11. That improvement in methods of making shoes in which cement is employed to secure shoe uppers in lasted relation to insoles which com prises working a shoe upper into lasted relation to an insole and a last on which the insole is mounted. inserting a staple through the marginal portion of the upper into the insole in such a manner that the legs of the staple do not pass through the inner surface of the insole, repeating the operation step-by-step along the sides of the shoe, allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set sufiiciently to hold the upper in lasted position, and then removing the staples from the shoe.

12. That improvement in methods of making shoes in which cement is employed to secure shoe uppers in lasted relation to insoles, which comprises working a shoe upper into lasted relation to an insole and a last on which the insole is mounted. pressing the marginal portion of the upper against the marginal portion of the insole, nserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper into the insole between substantially the heel breast line and the tip line, allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set suiliciently to hold the upper in lasted position. and then removing staples between the forward end of'the shank portion and the tip line.

13. That improvement in methods of manufacturing shoes which comprises providing water dispersed rubber cement between the marginal portion of the upper materials and the marginal portion of the insole of a shoe. working the upper into lasted relation to the insole, pressing the marginal portion of the upper against the marginal portion of the insole, inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper into the insole between substantially the heel breast line and the tip line in such a manner that the legs of the staples do not pass completely through the insole. allowing the staples toremain as driven until the cement has set sufficiently to hold the upper in lasted position, and then withdrawing staples between the forward end of the shank portion and the tip line.

14. That improvement in methods of making shoes in which cement is employed to secure uppers in lasted relation to insoles which comprises working a shoe upper into lasted relation to an insole and a last on which the, insole is mounted. inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper into the insole between substantially the heel breast line and the tip line of the upper in such a manner that the legs of the staples do not pass through the inner surface of the insole. allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set sufiiciently to hold the upper in lasted position, and then removing the staples from the forepart of the shoe but leaving them in the shank portion.

15. That improvement in methods of making shoes in which water dispersed rubber cement is employed to secure shoe uppers in lasted relation to insoles which comprises working a shoe upper into-lasted relation to an insole and a last on which the insole is mounted, inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper material into the insole in such a manner that the legs of the staples do not pass through the inner surface of the insole, repeating the operation stepby-step along the shank and forepart'of the shoe until the lasting is completed from substantially the heel breast line to the tip line, allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set sufficiently to hold the upper in lasted position, and then removing the staples between the forward'end of the shank portion and the tip line of the shoe.

16. That improvement in methods of making shoes which comprises providing water dispersed rubber cement between the marginalportions of the upper materials and the marginal portion of an insole of a shoe, working the upper into lasted relation to the insole while the cement is green, and inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper materials into the insole in such a manner that the legs. of the staples do not pass completely through the insole, thereby holding the upper in lasted position while the cement is setting.

17. That improvement-in methods of making shoes which comprises providing water dispersed rubber cement between the marginal portion of facturing shoes which comprises providing water dispersed rubber cement between the marginal portions of the upper materials and the marginal portion of the insole of a shoe, working the upper into lasted relation to the insole while the cement is green, pressing the marginal portion of the upper against the marginal portion of the insole, inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper into the insole between substantially the heel breast line and the tip line in such a manner that the legs of the staple are deflected so that their points travelin a curved path, allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set sufficiently to hold the upper in lasted position, and then engaging the bars of the staples in the forepart of the shoe and withdrawing those staples from the shoe but leaving the staples in the shank portion of the shoe. l

19. That improvement in methods of making shoes in which cement is employed to secure uppers in lasted relation to insoles which comprises working a shoe upper into lasted relation to an insole and a last upon which the insole is mounted, inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper into the insole between substantially the heel breast line and the tip line of the upper in such a manner that the legs of the staples are deflected as they enter the shoe upper and travel in a curved path and so that the bars of the staples between substantially the forward end of the shank portion of the shoe and the tip line are left projecting slightly from the upper material, allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set sufliciently to hold the upper in lasted position, and then engaging the upstanding bars of the' staples between the forward end of the shank portion and the tip line and withdrawing those staples from the shoe but leaving the staples in the shank portion of the shoe.

20. That improvement in methods of making shoes in which'cement is employed to secure shoe uppers in lasted-relation to insoles, which staples projecting at the forepart of the shoe,

allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set sufliciently to hold the upper in lasted position, and then withdrawing the staples from the forepart of the shoe.

21. That improvement in methods of makin shoes in which cement is employed to secure shoe uppers in lasted relation to insoles which comprises working a shoe upper into lasted relation to an insole and a last on which the insole is mounted,.inserting a staple through the marginal portion of the upper material into the insole in such a manner that the legs of the staple do not pass completely through the insole, repeating the operation step-by-step until the lasting is completed, allowing the staples toremain as driven until the cement has set suificiently to hold the upper in lasted position, and then engaging the bars of the staples and withdrawing the staples from the shoe.

22. That improvement in methods of making shoes in which cement is employed to secure shoe upp'ers in lasted relation to insoles which comprises working a shoe upper into lasted relation to an insole and a last upon which the insole is mounted, inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper materials into the insolein such a manner that the legs of the staple are deflected as they. enter the material of the shoe upper and are thereby caused to travel in a curved path, allowing the staples to remain-as driven until the.cement has set sufiiciently, to hold the upper in lasted position, and then engaging the bars of the staples and withdrawing the staples from the shoe.

23. That improvement in methods of making shoes in which cement is employed to secure uppers in lasted relation to insoles which comprises working a shoe upper into lasted relation to an insole and a last on which the insole is mounted, pressing the marginal portion of the upper against the marginal portion of the insole, inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper materials into the insole in such a manner that the legs of the staples are deflected and anchored in the insole and so that the bars of the staples are left projecting slightly from the upper material, allowing the staples "to remain as driven until the cement has set sufliciently to hold the upper in lasted position. and then engaging the upstanding bars or the staples and withdrawing the staples from the shoe. e

24. That improvement in methods of making shoes in which cement is employed to secure shoe uppers in lasted relation to insoles which comprises working a shoe upper into lasted relation to an insole and a last upon which the insole is mounted, inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper material into the insole in such a manner that the legs of the staples are curved and so that the bars of the staples are left projecting slightly from the upper materials, allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set sulficiently to hold the upper in lasted position, and then engaging the bars of the staples and withdrawing the staples from the shoe.

25. That improvement in methods of side-lasting shoes which comprises providing cement between the marginal portion of the upper materials and the marginal portion of the insole of a shoe, working the upper into lasted relation to the insole, pressing the marginal portion of the upper against the marginal portion of the insole, inserting a staple through the marginal portion of the upper materials into the" insole in such a manner that the legs of the staples do not pass completely through the insole, repeating the operation step-by-step along the sides of the shoe, allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set suficiently to hold the upper in lasted position, and then engaging the bars of the staples and withdrawing the staples from the shoe.

26. That improvement in methods of lasting shoes which comprises applying cement to the marginal portions of the upper materials and to the marginal portion of the insole -of a shoe, working the upper into lasted relation to the insole and a last on which the insole is mounted,

Dressing the marginal portion of the upper against the marginal portion of the insole, inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper materials into the insole in such a manner that the bars of the staple are left projecting slightly from the upper materials, a1-

lowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set suihciently to hold the upper in lasted position, and then engaging the projecting bars of the staples and withdrawing the staples from the shoe.

27. That improvement in methods of sidelasting shoes which comprises providing cement between the marginal portion of the upper materials and the marginal portion of the insole of a shoe, working the upper into lasted relation to the insole and to a last on which the insole is mounted, pressing the marginal portion of the upper against the marginal portion of the insole, inserting a staple through the marginal portion of the upper into the insole in such a manner that the bar of the staple is left projecting slightly from the upper, repeating the operation step-bystep along the sides of the shoe, allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set sufiiciently to hold the upper in lasted position, and then engaging the projecting bars of the staples and withdrawing the staples from the shoe.

28. That improvement in methods of lasting shoes which comprises providing cement between the marginal portion of the upper materials and the marginal portion of the insole of a shoe, working the upper into lasted relation to the insole and a last on which the insole is mounted, pressing the marginal portion of the upper against the marginal portion of the insole, inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper into the insole in such a manner that the legs of the staples do not pass completely through the insole and the bars of the staples are left projecting slightly from the upper, allowing the staples to remain as driven' until the cement has set sufliciently to hold the upper in lasted position, and

then engagingthe projecting bars of the staples and withdrawing the staples from the shoe.

29. That improvement in methods of making shoes which comprises providing water dispersed rubber cement between the marginal portion of the upper materials and the marginal portion of an insole of a shoe, working the upper into lasted relation to the insole, inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper into the insole so that the bars of the staples are left projecting slightly from the upper, allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has setsuficiently to hold the upper in lasted position, and engaging the projecting bars of the staples and withdrawing the staples from the shoe.

30. That improvement in methods of manufacturing shoes which comprises side-lasting a shoe by providing cement between the marginal portion of the upper materials and the marginal portion of the insole of a shoe between the forward end of the shank portion and the tip line, working the upper into lasted relation to the insole, pressing the marginal portion of the upper against the marginal portion of the insole, and inserting staples through themarginal portion of the upper materials into the insole between substantially the heel breast line and the tip line in such a manner that the legs of the staples do not pass completely through the insole, lasting the heel and toe end of the shoe, allowing the staples inserted during the side-lasting to remain as driven until the cement has set sufiiciently to hold the upper in lasted position, and then withdrawing the staples between the forward end of the shank portion and the tip line.

31. That improvement in methods of making shoes which comprises working a shoe upper into lasted relation to an insole and a last on which the insole is mounted, applying cement to the marginal portion of the insole and to the marginal portions of the upper material between the forward end of the shank and the tip line, working the upper into laswd relation to the insole, in serting staples through the marginal portion of the upper materials into the insole between substantially the heel breast line and the tip line in such a manner that the legs of the staples are deflected and curve through the material of the insole without passing completely therethrough, leaving the bars of the staples projecting from the upper between the forward end of the shank and the tip line but driving the staples until their bars contact with the shoe upper in the shank portion of the shoe. allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set sufiiciently to hold the upper in laswd position, and then engaging the upstanding bars of the staples betweenthe forward end of the shank portion and the tip line and withdrawing thwe staples from the upper but lwving the staples in the shank portion of the shoe.

32. That improvement in methods of making shoes which comprises disposing water dispersed rubber cement between the marginal portions of the upper materials and the insole of a shoe, working the upper into lasted relation to the insole, inserting staples through the 1-: r z portion of the upper into the marginal portion of the insole hetweensuhstantiallytheheelhmstllneandthe tip line in such a manner that the legs of the staples do not pass completely through the insole, and lasting the heel and toe ends of the shoe.

33. That improvement in methods of lasting shoes which comprises disposing cement between the marginal portions of the upper materials and the insole of a shoe, side lasting the shoe by working the upper into lasted relation to the insole, pressing the marginal portion of the upper against the insole and inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper materials into the insole from substantially the heel breast line to the tip line in such a manner that the legs of the. staples ,do not pass through the inner surface of the insole, allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set sufiiciently to hold the upper in lasted position, disposing cement between the marginal portion of the upper materials and the marginal portion of the insole at the toe of the shoe, working that portion of the upper into lasted rela-- tion to the insole, pressing the marginalportion of the toe of the upper against the marginal portion of the insole until the cement has set sufiiciently to hold the upper in lasted position, and removing the staples between the forward end of the shank portion and the tip line.

34. That improvement in methods of lasting shoes which comprises disposing cement between the marginal portions of the upper materials and the insole of a shoe, side-lasting the shoe by working the upper into lasted relation to the insole, pressing the marginal portion of the upper against the insole, and inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper materials into the insole from substantially the heel breast line to the tip line in such a manner that the legs of the staples do not pass through the inner surface of the insole, allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set sulficiently to hold the upper in lasted position, trimming off the surplus of the layers of the upper, other than the upper leather, at the toe of the shoe so that the trimmed layerswill project only a short distance over the edge of the insole, disposing cement between the marginal portion of the upper materials and to the marginal portion of the insole at-the toe of the shoe, working that portion of the upper into lasted relation to the insole, pressing the marginal portion of the toe of the upper against the marginal portion of the insole until the cement has,

set sufiiciently to hold that portion of the upper in lasted position and removing the staples between the forward end of the shank portion and the tip line.

35. That improvement in methods of lasting shoes which comprises disposing cement between the marginal portionsof the upper materials and the insole of a shoe between substantially the forward end of the shank portion and the tip line, side lasting the shoe by working the upper into lasted relation to the insole, pressing the marginal portion of the upper materials against the insole and inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper materials into the marginal portion of the insole from substantially the heel breast line to the tip line in such a manner that the staples do not pass through the tween the marginal portion of the upper mate.-

rials and the marginal portion of the insole at the toe of the shoe, working that portion of the upper into lasted relation to the insole, applying a temporary retaining member to the toe portion of the upper over the marginal portion of the sole and pressing said member against the upper in a direction toward the bottom face of the last, and, while holding the member thus pressed against the upper, driving a plurality of tacks into position to clamp said member with their heads against the margin of the upper to maintain the pressure thus applied to the upperuntil the cement has set sufificiently to hold the upper in lasted position, and then pulling the tacks -and removing said retaining member and also removing the staples between the forward end of the shank portion and the tip line.

36. That improvement in methods of making shoes which comprises disposing water dispersed rubber cement between the marginal portions of the upper materials and the marginal portion of an insole of a shoe, working the upper into lasted relation to the insole, inserting staples through the marginal portion of the upper into the marginal portion of the insole between substantially the heel breast line and the tip line in such a manner that the legs of the staples do not pass completely through the insole, lasting the heel and toe ends of the shoe, allowing the staples to remain as driven until the cement has set sufliciently to hold the upper in lasted position, and then withdrawing the staples between the forward end of the shank and the tip line of the shoe and permanently securing an outsole to the lasted upper and insole by cement.

37. A shoe having an upper overlying the marginal portion of its insole and secured to the insole at the forepart of the shoe by water dispersed rubber cement and at the shank portion of the shoe by staples.

38. A shoe having an upper overlying the marginal portion of its insole and secured to the insole at the forepart of the shoe by water dispersed rubber cement and at the shank portion of the shoe by staples inserted through the marginal portion of the upper into the insole in such a manner that the legs of the staples do not pass completely through the insole.

39. A shoe having an upper overlying the marginal portion oi its insole and secured to the insole at the forepart of the shoe by water dispersed rubber cement and at the shank portion of the shoe by staples inserted through the marginal portion of the upper materials into the insole in such a manner that the legs of the staples are deflected and curve through the insole without passing completely therethrough.

40. A shoe having an insole, an upper including a layer of leather overlying the marginal portion of the insole and secured in lasted relation thereto by water dispersed rubber cement, and a leather outsole permanently secured in contact with the overlying margin of the upper by cement.-

41. A shoe having a leather insole, an upper including a layer of leather overlying the marginal portion of the insole and secured in lasted relation thereto by water dispersed rubber cement, and an outsole secured in contact with the overlying portion of the leather upper material b pyroxylin cement.

GEORGE GODDU.

Pate'mt Ne. 11 932 5%.

CIER'IIIIIFKCA'ITE Qt C DRRECTWN.

@etelber 3t, 1933.

GIWRGE GQIDDIU.

- Ht is hereby certfitfied that error appears in the printed specification of the atwve erred patent requiring eorrectiett as tettows: {Page 7, time 47, claim 341,, strike amt the word "tan"; and that the said Letters Patentstwutd be read with this eerreetfiem therein that the same may etmto t0 the record of the ease itn'tlhe Patetnt @ttiee.

' 5531mm] amt seated this 26th day @t December, A. 11). R933.

Richard] Speneer (Seat) Acting Coissieeer at Patents. 

